Space Law

Chapter One

Definitions, Objectives and Scope

Article One

Definitions

The following words and phrases, wherever mentioned in this Law, shall have the meanings assigned to each of them, unless the context requires otherwise:

Law: Space Law.

Implementing Regulations (Regulations): Wherever mentioned herein, it shall mean the set of rules, directives, procedures, requirements, and standards issued by the Communications, Space and Technology Commission to implement the provisions of this Law.

Kingdom: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Commission: Communications, Space and Technology Commission.

Agency: Saudi Space Agency.

Board: The Commission's Board of Directors.

Board Chairman: Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Commission.

Governor: Commission Governor.

Territory: The land territory and territorial waters subject to the sovereignty of the Kingdom and the airspace above it, including any area enjoying special economic status.

Committee: The Committee for Resolution of Space Law Violations.

Airspace: Any area beginning at mean sea level and reaching the maximum possible limit for air traffic control.

Outer Space: The area above the Earth's atmosphere.

Space Operations Area: Any area above eighty kilometres or more  than the mean sea level.

Space Object: An object that a person makes, launches, or aims to launch into the Space Operations Area or Outer Space , whether manned or unmanned, including the constituent parts thereof, its Launch Vehicle and the parts thereof, including those that do not reach the Space Operations Area.

Registration: The set of legal procedures whereby data and information of Space Object are entered into the National Register of Space Objects in the Kingdom as well as the International Register in accordance with the governing International Convention.

Launch: The process of sending or attempting to send Space Object to or through  the Space Operations Area into the Outer Space, including all necessary preparations and activities at the launch site, such as propellers and their means, launch vehicles and their components, and any other physical elements manufactured or used in this process, up to and including the separation of payload from the head of Space Object.

Launch Vehicle: A Space Object used for the purpose of transporting a payload to or through the Space Operations Area and returning therefrom, whether or not that flight is orbital, sub-orbital, or over the Earth's orbit.

Launch Site: Site designated as a launching point as specified in the license issued by the Commission, including all facilities and infrastructure installations located therein and all that is mandatory and necessary for the Launch to take place, and which provides for the operational processes  of spacecrafts  or a set of carrier rocket facilities..

Impact Area: The area affected by the separable parts of Launch Vehicles, including the piece of land on which the used or separated elements fall  from the Space Object  and any fragments that fall during flight or landing.

Re-entry - Return -: The process of returning or attempting to return a Space Object from Outer Space or Space Operations Area, including all the stages, preparations and maneuvers necessary for its  Re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere until it is settled on the Earth.

Payload: The undertaking made by any person to launch into Outer Space, whether an individual, living creature, equipment or other objects, by means of Space Object, including any components designed for that purpose or associated therewith.

Space Activities: Space and sub-orbital operations,  as explained in Article 4(1) of the Law.

Space-Related Activities: Space Activities Supporting Flights and High-Altitude Activities.

High-Altitude Activities: Activities, operations and flights at an altitude higher than air traffic control range - Airspace - and lower than Space Operations Area.  

Space Activities Supporting Flights: Any flight in the Airspace of the Kingdom which does not meet the definition of Space Activities and which can be described as a Launch or Re-entry activity and is intended to support Space Activities and relevant experiments and training.

Astronomically-Advantageous Area: Geographical area(s) identified and registered by the Commission and managed, protected and allocated in accordance with the provisions of the Law and Regulations, and has features that make it suitable for the advancement of astronomy and promotion of other related scientific efforts.

Space Systems: Set of orbital and ground-based technical facilities that are functionally relevant to the launch of Space Objects and Space Vehicles, launch  sites and launchers, aimed at solving any missions in Outer Space or Space Operations Area. 

Space Data: Data that results from Space Activities or Space-Related Activities.

Satellite Navigation Systems: Satellites designed to determine coordinates, time and geographical altitudes, and identify and measure change in speed, time, direction and motion of surface, water and air objects.

 Earth Remote Sensing: Remote operations aimed at collecting, monitoring and receiving information about the Earth through the review and measurement of radiation and reflections of elements of the Earth's surface and its structure, research of its natural resources, descriptions, oceans and atmosphere, and the conduct of environmental and human surveys, for scientific, social, economic, defense and security purposes, through all surveys carried out in space.

Spacecraft: Technical device designed to be launched into Outer Space or Space Operations Area for exploration or operation, including suborbital rockets.

Space Flight: Space activity whereby Space Object transport a Payload to, through or back from Space Operations Area to the Outer Space or Re-entry of the same, whether by orbital, suborbital or supra-terrestrial flight.

Damage: Loss of life, personal injury or other damage to health or the environment; loss or damage of property of States, natural or juridical persons or of intergovernmental organizations, caused by Space Activity.

Incident: An event resulting from Space Activities or Space-related Activities that affects or is likely to affect the safety of such activities, or the operation of a spacecraft, space object, payload, carrier rocket or launch vehicle, or that causes or is likely to cause damage to a person or to any objects or property in the atmosphere or on the surface of the Earth, where the damage caused by this incident does not reach the level of the accident and the circumstances surrounding it do not indicate the imminent occurrence of the accident.

Accident: An event resulting from Space Activities or Space-related Activities  that results in the death of, or serious damage to,  or serious injury to a person, or that results in the destruction or serious damage to a space object, spacecraft, payload, carrier rocket or launch vehicle, or that results in the destruction or serious damage to any objects or property in the atmosphere or on the Earth's surface.

Space Debris: A Space Object that has no role or purpose, including the remains thereof, and the materials, waste, or fragments resulting therefrom in the Outer Space, Earth's orbit, or inside the Earth's atmosphere.

Space Resources: Any non-living resources present in the Outer Space, including minerals and water.

Space Nuclear Power Sources: Devices used in space energy-generating activities which use nuclear material, radioisotopes or nuclear  reactor.

Dual-Use Goods: Goods and technologies of shared civil, commercial and military uses.

Person:Natural or juristic person.

License: A Document issued by the Commission to a person authorizing him/her to carry out the activities listed therein in accordance with  the conditions, procedures, approvals, requirements and instructions described therein or in its appendices, including experimental licenses.

Permit: A Document issued by the Commission to a person in accordance with the provisions of the Law and Regulations before starting any activity or work   for which a License is required under the provisions of this Law.

Operator: A person holding a License to engage in and be independently liable for the Space Activities and operations set out under Article (4/First) of this Law  in accordance with the provisions of Chapter Four hereof.

Primary Data Operator: Any person entrusted with programming of a satellite Earth observation system or receiving Earth observation data from the Outer Space.

Licensed Person: A person holding a License to engage in the Space-related Activities set out under Article (4/Second) of this Law without being independently liable in accordance with Chapter Four of this Law, and to whom the liability provisions commensurate with the nature of the activities carried out by him or her as determined by the Regulations apply.

Control:Owning a controlling share or percentage in an entity of a person, directly or indirectly equivalent to 5% or more of the capital or voting rights, or the ability to exercise significant influence over the management and decisions of that person.​

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Article Two

Law Objectives

This Law aims to establish following:

1. Providing the necessary environment for stable and sustainable development of the Kingdom in the Space Sector, strengthening and ensuring its security and sovereignty, and defending its interests.
2. Supporting and catalysing all aspects of human and technical knowledge, astronomy, environmental conservation, the study of the phenomena relating to the Earth, its atmosphere, and the Outer Space. 
3. Encouraging and stimulating investment and participation of the private sector and scientific research and innovation sector in everything related to the Space, and strengthening the role of the Kingdom to assume regional and international leadership.
4. Contributing to the attainment of international peace and security in partnership with the international community in a manner that supports the commitment to implement the provisions of the international treaties and conventions related to the Outer Space to which the Kingdom is a party.
5. Create an appropriate regulatory environment to achieve the objectives of the Kingdom's national strategy and Space National Policy, as well as the approved plans, policies and programs​
   

Article Three

Scope of Application

The provisions of this Law shall apply to Space Activities and other Space-related Activities that are carried out as follows:

1. In the Territory of the Kingdom, or its facilities, launch sites pr pads located outside the Territory.
2. From ships or aircraft registered in the Kingdom or Space Objects registered in accordance with the provisions of this Law and applicable laws and regulations.
3. By any person holding Saudi nationality, or a juristic person headquartered in the Kingdom under the laws.
   

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Article Five

Scientific Research & Development Activities and Incentive Programs

1. The Agency shall operate in accordance with the provisions of its own bylaws, the bylaws of the Commission, this Law and the plans and programs adopted within the Space Sector. The Agency may implement these programs on any contractual, cooperative, consensual or participatory basis and may develop policies, procedures and regulations, and issue licenses and permits within the activities and programs entrusted to it, after the approval of the Board, Board Chairman or, as the case may be, the Governor to such policies, procedures and regulations. 
2. Upon development of space systems, rocket systems, infrastructure and technical infrastructure, the same shall include the technical designs, information related to manufacture and assembly, results of scientific research and tests of any components or parts of the operating systems, as well as the necessary reports as may be specified by the Regulations.
3.  In coordination with the Agency, the Research and Innovation Sector and public or private entities involved in the scientific research sector, the Commission may develop incentive programs, both financial and non-financial, in the Space Sector, including without limitation; programs to support business incubators and emerging technologies in the sector, or any other programs or incentive packages. Incentives and packages not falling under the competence of the Commission or the said entities shall be adopted by the Space Supreme Council.​
   

Chapter Three

Licenses

Article Six

Space Activity Licenses

1. No person may operate a Space Object or to carry out any activities governed by this Law and Regulations without obtaining a license from the Commission.
2. The Regulations shall specify the terms and conditions for issuing licenses, including without limitation, types and categories of licenses, such as pilot licenses for research and development, design, pilot launching, new methods and ways of operation, renewal, cancelation, suspension, transfer, assignment, incorporation, attachment to another license or license that has already been granted, exemption, exceptions, and time frames for granting licenses by type, category and requirements. 
3. In cases of emergencies or situations requiring protection of public health or safety of property, national security interests; and for the purposes of compliance with the international obligations, the Kingdom may exempt the person concerned from obtaining a license or grant exemption from any relevant requirements. In the cases referred to in this Paragraph or in the case of serious facts indicating grave breaches of the provisions of the Law and Regulations, the Kingdom may revoke, suspend or withdraw the license. The Regulations shall specify the technical criteria and objective frameworks for making such decisions, ensuring transparency and clarity of the taken procedure to the entities and persons concerned. The Kingdom may also state the foregoing in the license granted to the Operator or the Licensed Person. 
4. The Commission shall ensure that the licenses meet all the conditions and controls necessary for their issuance as well as the continuous monitoring of the activities of the Operators or Licensed Persons. The Commission may assign these tasks to a qualified person on a contractual, participatory or cooperative basis.
5. The suspension or revocation of a license shall not exonerate the Operator or Licensed Person of any liability or any other obligation unless otherwise specified in the license.
6. Subject to the provisions of Chapter Four of the Law, the assignment of the license to a third party shall not exonerate the Operator of any obligation or liability established prior to the date of assignment.
7. Without prejudice to the criminal liability, it is prohibited to assign the license except with the approval of the Commission. The violation of this shall entail the joint liability of the assignor and the assignee. It is also prohibited - without the approval of the Commission - to assign or transfer any assets to a third party that involve assignment of the effective control of the Space Object remotely, or the control of surveillance devices, space systems or licensed operations to a person outside the Territory not covered by the provisions of the Law and Regulations. In the absence of a special agreement with a State in which the Operator or transferee of those assets or operations is located, the approvals or actions shall observe the interests of the Kingdom and its compensation by the Operator, assignee or transferee in the context of the Kingdom's assumption of international responsibility for Space Activities.
8. Any person may apply to the Commission for a permit to initiate the necessary actions or activities that applicant plans to undertake and which are subject to the provisions of this Law and Regulations. For the purposes of this Paragraph, the person holding the permit shall be deemed to be an Authorized Person, and the permit shall specify the necessary requirements in this regard.
9. Obtaining a license in accordance with the provisions of this Law and the Regulations shall not exonerate any person or Operator from obtaining any licenses or permits or meeting any requirements in accordance with the provisions of any other law in force in the Kingdom. The Commission may clarify these requirements and facilitate procedures to enable the person concerned to obtain any additional licenses or permits in coordination with the relevant Government authorities.
10. The Regulations shall specify the requirements and conditions that the Operator is required to fulfill before undertaking any merger with other operators inside or outside the Territory, as well as what the operator is required to fulfil before purchasing (5%) or more of the shares or stocks of another Operator licensed to operate in the Kingdom. The Regulations shall set any other procedures that may lead to the realization of the control status, as well as whatever actions require the prior approval of the Commission and notification thereof.​
    

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Article Seven

Licenses for Providing Satellite Communications Services

1. Any Person wishing to provide fixed or mobile satellite communications services shall obtain the prior initial approval of the Commission, provided that the final license of communication services shall be issued by the Commission in accordance with the Communications and Information Technology Law and its Implementing Regulations as well as all other regulatory decisions pertaining to the communications sector.
2. The person concerned shall comply with the provisions on the uses of the operators' satellite communications systems and any technical standards relating thereto, which are intended to provide transmitters for Spacecrafts and Space Objects to meet the needs of crews and other requirements related to devices, equipment, uses, and monitoring, allocation and coverage of frequencies issued by the Commission in this regard.​
   

Article Eight

Licenses for Manned Space Flight Activities

Subject to the provisions of Article Six of the Law, the Regulations shall specify the conditions and requirements which the Operator or the Licensed Person shall comply with before involving any natural person in a Space Flight, including but not limited to:

1. The requirements and provisions of reporting and notification of any accident or incident encountered, the necessary written approvals, training and filter tests, health and physical safety, the requirements of contracts concluded with that Person, all clarifications related to risks and appropriate contingency plans related to the Space Flight.
2. Conditions and controls of liability related to manned Space Flight activities, including insurance, warranty, and compensation provisions for damage resulting from the accidents.​
   

Article Nine

Licenses for Earth Remote Sensing and Space Monitoring Activities, and Space Data Operators

1. Subject to the provisions of Article Six of the Law, the Commission shall issue the regulations governing the promotion of use of satellite data for Earth remote sensing, and the provisions related to cooperation or investment in this activity with any person. The Commission may regulate all services derived from these activities, including those pertaining to data processing resulting therefrom, procedures related to information security, and Space Data resulting from this activity.
2. The Regulations and licenses issued by the Commission shall specify any mandatory and necessary operational technical conditions, requirements or standards for Space Data operators, including provisions related to restricting the activities of Space Data operators whenever necessary to protect the interests of the Kingdom and its international obligations. The Commission may coordinate with the relevant Government bodies in this regard.
3. Any person who acts as a Space Data operator and carries out an activity in the Kingdom with certain technical characteristics shall declare the scope and accuracy of the monitoring or sensing site, quality of monitoring data received or on which the satellite systems are programmed, and any mandatory and necessary data or information that the Commission deems necessary in this regard.
4. The Commission shall allocate and control the spectrum and its related licenses within the framework of this activity. The person concerned shall abide by the Commission's decisions made in this regard.  ​
   

Article Ten

Licenses for Use of Space Nuclear Power Sources

 and Dual-Use Goods

1. No Operator or Licensed Person may use space nuclear power sources without a license from the Commission.
2. The Regulations shall specify the conditions, controls and procedures for licensing use of space nuclear power sources, including the provisions for their issuance, cancellation, attachment, suspension and other relevant provisions.
3. The Regulations shall clarify the provisions relating to obligations of the Operator or Licensed Person to use of space nuclear power sources, as well as reports and notifications of any incident, accident or damage, and any risks encountered and measures that shall be taken to mitigate the risks that may result from such uses.
4. The Commission shall observe the Kingdom's laws relating to the control of nuclear and radiological uses and civil liability for nuclear damage, in a manner commensurate with the requirements for use of space nuclear power sources or dual-use goods, and shall coordinate with the Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Commission and the General Authority for Military Industries on the requirements and procedures necessary for applying the provisions of this Article.
5. The General Authority for Military Industries, in coordination with the Commission and the relevant Government bodies, shall develop the necessary standard and technical documents and requirements for the use of dual-use goods.
   

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Article Eleven

Licenses for Space Resources

1. Subject to the provisions of Article Six of the Law, the Regulations shall specify the conditions and controls relating to licenses for the use of space resources, including but not limited to the following: Extracting, exploiting, using, distributing, owning, buying and selling, transporting, storing, exporting and importing, conducting experiments, the right of the Commission to borrow or request a sample of the relevant resource for scientific and research purposes, any requirements or provisions related to logistical services in this regard.
2. For the purposes of this Article, satellite communications, orbital positions or uses of frequency bands shall not be considered space resources.​
   

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Article Twelve

Licenses for High-Altitude Activities

1. Subject to Article 4 (Second) of the Law, the Commission may set conditions and requirements to carry out high-altitude activities and any activities supporting space flights, including providing the Commission with any certificates or requirements granted by the General Authority of Civil Aviation regarding air traffic operations management.
2. The Commission may exempt the Person referred to in paragraph (1) of this Article from the required license if the stated activity meets the requirements stipulated in the Civil Aviation Law or the regulations or regulatory decisions issued thereby.
3. The Regulations shall specify the requirements and conditions that the Commission must verify before issuing a license to any person based on the provisions of this Article, in the event that the flight includes manned flights on board, such as reporting and notification related to presence of a natural person on the flight, and matters relating to any relevant incident, accident or measure, written approvals necessary to carry out the flight, any requirements and provisions on the relevant risks, training requirements, health or physical abilities of participants, safety standards, emergency plans, any other technical standards, and any other requirements developed in coordination with General Authority of Civil Aviation.​
   

Article Thirteen

Astronomically-Advantageous Area

The Commission shall regulate and protect areas that have an astronomical advantage; and coordinate in this regard with the scientific, academic and research entities to promote and support astronomical science and activities, and issue licenses related to the uses of these areas. To this effect, the Commission may take the following measures:

1. Identify and protect the areas and sites through which astronomy projects of national strategic importance can be implemented, develop technical standards for the advantageous areas and classify and define them in a special register.
2. Set regulatory procedures for the announcement of these areas and their management mechanism together with the restrictions and regulatory actions placed on the advantageous area, and allocate their uses towards astronomy advancement.
3. The Board Chairman, at the proposal of the Governor, may take measures to expropriate the advantageous areas for public benefit in accordance with the provisions of the Law on Expropriation of Real Estate for Public Benefit and Provisional Seizure of Property.
4. Establish technical standards and requirements for the classification of astronomical activities, devices and equipment, and the necessary certificates of conformity and accreditation.
5.  The Commission shall allocate and monitor the spectrum for astronomy purposes and shall coordinate with the competent government bodies in all matters that would allocate and protect the advantageous areas, develop the necessary specifications and technical requirements, coordinate and develop mechanisms and methods for dealing with trees and vegetation cover and preserving the environment, and explore ways to deal with any geological or geographical factors that hinder and undermine any astronomical devices or equipment.​
   

Article Fourteen:

Sustainability of Space Activity

1. The Commission shall specify the technical requirements and standards in relation to mitigation and reduction of Space Debris, whether in relation to launch systems, orbital systems, or any other systems.
2. An Operator who operates a Space Object or the person who develops the same or carries out Space Activities related thereto independently shall comply with shall comply with the necessary measures and plans to mitigate Space Debris and reduce the effects thereof in accordance with the Regulations.
3. The Regulations shall clarify other provisions and obligations that must be complied with by the Operator, including without limitation, reports and notifications concerning the creation of Space Debris, any Incident or Accident involving Space Object or Spacecraft in terms of loss of control or collision with Space Debris or other space or cosmic objects, measures and plans to mitigate the consequences and effects of any space debris-related hazards, and periodic reports on the follow-up to obligations in this regard. The Commission may include any guiding or mandatory requirements in the license issued to the Operator or developer that would enhance the sustainability of Space Activity.  ​
   

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Article Fifteen

Import and Export Provisions

1. Subject to the international agreements to which the Kingdom is a party, the import and export of the goods related to the activities subject to the provisions of the Law and Regulations shall be generally governed by the Common Customs Law as well as the regulations and procedures issued thereunder. The import and export of Dual-Use Goods, sensitive goods and technologies and any goods subject to any restrictions within a particular international framework shall be carried out in accordance with the controls and procedures established by the Commission in coordination with the General Authority for Zakat, Tax and Customs, and the General Authority for Military Industries. In order to apply the provisions of this Article, the Commission may refer any necessary special action to the Prime Minister to obtain the required decision.
2. The Commission may incorporate the controls necessary for import or export of goods, items, and technologies pertaining to the activity subject matter of license or permit, into the License or Permit issued for activities covered by the Law and Regulations. For this Effect, the Commission may coordinate with the competent government bodies, including those set out in Paragraph (1) of this Article. ​
   

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Chapter Four:

Liability, Insurance and Warranties

Article Sixteen

Operator's Liability for Damages

1. The Operator shall be held liable for full and absolute compensation for any damage caused to the surface of the Earth or to aircrafts in flight as a result of its carrying out of Space Activities.
2. The Operator shall be held liable for damage to other Space Objects to the extent that such damage is caused by its fault or by the fault of the persons responsible for it and, if possible, by the proportion of their contribution thereto. If that cannot be determined, the liability shall be held equally.
3. The liability provided for in this Article may be reduced or eliminated only if gross negligence or wilful misconduct by a third party is established.
4. Except in cases of wilful misconduct and gross negligence, no claim shall be brought against the Operator after the fulfilment of all obligations under the License, or not later than one year after the date on which the obligations are assumed to have been fulfilled. 
5. If, in accordance with the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects or under international law, a foreign State has brought a claim against the Kingdom for compensation for damage caused by a space operation licensed under the present Law, and this claim has been settled, no claim by the injured person against the Operator for compensation for such damage shall be considered.​
   

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Article Eighteen

Insurance and Guarantees

1. An Operator engaged in a Space Activity in accordance with the provisions of the Law shall possess an insurance policy against liability that may be incurred in the context of the licensed activity in order to compensate for damage that may be caused to a third party by the Operator's Space Activity. The policy shall be issued by an insurance company approved by the Commission. In cases of low risk, the Commission may exempt the Operator from this obligation in whole or in part or if the Operator provides evidence that sufficient financial resources are available to cover the amount of compensation. The Regulations shall specify the provisions to that effect.
2. The insurance obligation set forth in Paragraph (1) of this Article shall not apply if Space Activity is carried out by the Government of the Kingdom. 

3. For the purposes of this Article, the Regulations shall set the necessary criteria for liability insurance requirements in relation to Space Activities. Such criteria shall include, without limitation, the minimum period prescribed by type and nature of each activity, or the maximum possible loss, and limits of insurance coverage. Updates for the same shall be published periodically as may be determined by the Commission​

Article Nineteen
Miscellaneous Provisions Pertaining to Liability
1-    The Operator shall be held liable for compensation for damage that may be caused by its activity to natural persons or property aboard that Space Object during the activity of the Manned Space Flight based on the agreements concluded in this regard.
2-    If the Operator uses one of the Kingdom's launch sites inside or outside the Territory or uses any of its property and space infrastructure facilities, the Operator shall conclude special agreement with the owner of the facility or launch site in coordination with the Commission stipulating the limits of liability between the parties for any damage that may be caused to the Kingdom, its facilities or property.
3-    Upon determination of compensation, the following shall be observed:
A.     The provisions of Paragraphs (A and B) of Article (17/2) of the Law have been established.
B.      Size of the Launch Vehicle or any other Space Object launched from it, technical specifications, technical difficulties and circumstances surrounding the launch site and local and foreign insurance markets.
C.      Factsheet and reports of the initiator of the launch or re-entry.
D.     Trajectory curve of the  launched or re-entered Space Object.
E.      Any other objective factors that determine the percentage of risk or error in the occurrence of the accident related to compensation.
4-    The right to claim compensation from the Kingdom shall be extinguished if the aggrieved party does not file the claim within one year after the day following the date on which the damage occurred, or the day following the date on which the person or the responsible party became aware of it, or if reasonable circumstances and presumptions exist to satisfy the fact of knowledge referred to in this paragraph.
5-    In all other cases not covered by the provisions of this Chapter, the Operator shall be liable for any damage resulting from the activities carried out by the Operator.​

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Article Twenty Four
Control and Inspection
Without prejudice to the necessary protection of trade secrets and information concerning the Operator or Licensed Person, control and inspection procedures shall be in accordance with the following: 
1- The Commission shall, in accordance with the procedures specified in the regulations, assign to the inspectors all that is mandatory and necessary to ensure that every person complies with the provisions of the Law and its Regulations. The inspector shall have the right to enter any establishment of any person and to conduct interviews with the officials of the establishment or site subject matter of his assignment.
2- The inspector may issue reports and prepare recommendations, and present any risks identified and the results of these visits in accordance with the assigned plan. The Governor or his designee may take the appropriate legal decisions based on the results of these reports.
3- It is prohibited for any person to obstruct the work of the inspector or refrain from cooperating with him in providing information, data and clarifications related to the scope of his work as may be mandatory and necessary to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Law and Regulations and any technical requirements or standards issued by the Commission.
4- The Commission may set any additional requirements of the inspector or within the scope of inspection in accordance with the provisions of this Article to ensure compliance with the licenses or permits issued by it. The Commission may, under its supervision, assign inspection tasks, or some of them, to a person who has the necessary expertise and technical qualification on a contractual or cooperative basis.
5- In applying the provisions of this Chapter, the Commission shall take into account aspects related to advance planning and adequate qualification of the employees concerned; and that such procedures shall be conducted in a transparent and professional manner that supports the requirements of trust and commitment

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Article Twenty Six
Grievance Procedures
1- Any person may appeal to the Chairman of the Board against the decision issued by the Commission within sixty days from the date of being notified or informed thereof. The grievance must be decided within ninety days from the date of submission by a reasoned decision issued by the Chairman of the Board. The lapse of this period without response is considered rejection.
2- The Committee shall be formed by a resolution of the Board and shall consist of at least three members with experience and competence in the Space Sector and its activities, whether from the employees of the Commission or others, provided that they include law adviser. The Committee shall be competent to:
a)                  Decide on grievances, decisions and procedures arising from the application of the provisions of this Law and the Regulations.
b)                  Resolve disputes and violations resulting from the application of the provisions of this Law and Regulations by means of alternative and consensual dispute resolution. The adopted decision shall be final and not subject to any judicial review.
c)                   Impose penalties and order additional claims that are requested in accordance with the provisions of the Law. 
d)                  Subject to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article, the parties of interest or the concerned person may file a grievance with the Committee within thirty days from the date of being notified or informed of the rejection decision issued by the Chairman of the Board or by lapse of the period set to decide on it, otherwise the decision shall be considered final.
3- The parties of interest or the concerned person may file a grievance against the decisions of the Committee before the competent court within sixty days from the date of being notified or informed of the decision, otherwise the decision shall be considered final.
4- The Board shall issue the regulations and procedures of the Committee and the rules necessary to implement the provisions of this Article.

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Article Twenty Nine
Publication and Entry into Force
1-   This Law shall be published in the Official Gazette and shall come into force one hundred and eighty days after the date of its publication.
2-   Subject to the provisions of Article Twenty Seven of the Law, the Board shall issue the Implementing Regulations of the Law based on the proposal of the Governor.
3- This Law shall repeal any contradictory provisions.
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